Introduction to general relativity and cosmology /

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"Version: 20230801"--Title page verso.Revised edition of: General relativity.Includes bibliographical references.1. Introduction -- 1.1 Prologue -- 1.2. Einstein's insight -- 1.3. Structures seen today -- 1.4. Hubble's law -- 1.5. Olbers' paradox -- 1.6. The big bang and the cosmic microwave background -- 1.7. Inflation -- 1.8. Dark matter -- 1.9. Structure formation -- 1.10. Dark energy -- 1.11. The model of the universe -- 1.12. The telescopes -- 1.13. Luminosity -- 1.14. Summary of results in special relativity -- 1.15. Exercises2. The equivalence principle -- 2.1. The equivalence principle -- 2.2. Experimental tests of the equivalence principle -- 2.3. Lunar laser ranging -- 2.4. The gravitational spectral shift and the deflection of light -- 2.5. Exercises3. Space and spacetime curvature -- 3.1. Two-dimensional surfaces -- 3.2. Measurement of curvature -- 3.3. Local vectors and parallel transport -- 3.4. Curvature and the metric equation -- 3.5. The metric equation of special relativity -- 3.6. Geodesics, tidal acceleration, and curvature -- 3.7. The Schwarzschild metric -- 3.8. Exercises4. Elementary tensor analysis -- 4.1. General transformations -- 4.2. Vector and covector components -- 4.3. Other tensors -- 4.4. Exercises5. Einstein's theory I -- 5.1. The covariant derivative -- 5.2. The calculation of the metric connection -- 5.3. More on the covariant derivative -- 5.4. The principle of generalized covariance -- 5.5. The geodesic equation -- 5.6. Geodesics as stationary paths -- 5.7. Familiar quantities -- 5.8. Exercises6. Einstein's theory II -- 6.1. The Riemann curvature tensor -- 6.2. The stress-energy tensor -- 6.3. Einstein's equation -- 6.4. The Newtonian limit -- 6.5. Exercises7. Tests of general relativity -- 7.1. The perihelion advance of Mercury -- 7.2. The deflection of light by the sun -- 7.3. Radar echo delays -- 7.4. Geodetic and frame dragging effects -- 7.5. Gravitational lensing -- 7.6. Exercises8. Black holes -- 8.1. The spacetime structure -- 8.2. Orbits around black holes -- 8.3. Rotating black holes -- 8.4. The Planck scale -- 8.5. Hawking radiation -- 8.6. Black hole thermodynamics -- 8.7. The information paradox -- 8.8. Stellar black holes -- 8.9. Cygnus X-1 -- 8.10. Supermassive black holes -- 8.11. Active galactic nuclei -- 8.12. Exercises9. The discovery and study of gravitational waves -- 9.1. Properties of gravitational radiation -- 9.2. The effects of gravitational waves -- 9.3. PSR 1913+16 -- 9.4. The LIGO and Virgo interferometers -- 9.5. The interferometers -- 9.6. The standard quantum limit -- 9.7. Squeezing -- 9.8. GW170817 and the velocity of gravitational waves -- 9.9. Exercises10. Cosmic dynamics -- 10.1. Introduction -- 10.2. Flat and spatially-curved universes -- 10.3. The Friedmann-Robertson-Walker metric -- 10.4. The Friedmann-Le Ma?itre equations -- 10.5. Models of the universe -- 10.6. Radiation, matter and [Lambda] dominated eras -- 10.7. The [Lambda]CDM model -- 10.8. Exercises11. Distances, horizons and measurements -- 11.1. Introduction -- 11.2. Proper distance and horizons -- 11.3. Measuring distance -- 11.4. Exercises12. Cosmic microwave background -- 12.1. Introduction -- 12.2. The origin of the cosmic microwave background -- 12.3. Thermal fluctuations -- 12.4. Interpreting the power spectrum -- 12.5. The Sachs-Wolfe plateau -- 12.6. The three-dimensional power spectrum -- 12.7. Optical depth -- 12.8. Polarization -- 12.9. The horizon distance -- 12.10. Neutrino decoupling -- 12.11. Exercises13. Inflation in the early universe -- 13.1. The horizon and flatness problems -- 13.2. Inflation -- 13.3. The vacuum transition -- 13.4. Plasma wave coherence -- 13.5. Slow roll inflation -- 13.6. Exercises14. Big bang nucleosynthesis -- 14.1. Timeline -- 14.2. Big bang nucleosynthesis -- 14.3. The neutron decay -- 14.4. Deuterium formation -- 14.5. 4He formation -- 14.6. Primordial abundances : prediction and measurement -- 14.7. Exercises15. Structure origins -- 15.1. Introduction -- 15.2. Gravitational instability -- 15.3. Instability in an expanding universe -- 15.4. Collapse and virialization -- 15.5. Baryonic gas cloud -- 15.6. Growth of structures -- 15.7. Baryon acoustic oscillations -- 15.8. Exercises16. Baryonic structures -- 16.1. Introduction -- 16.2. The Cooling of Baryonic matter -- 16.3. First light and reionization -- 16.4. The Ly[alpha] forest -- 16.5. Formation of stars -- 16.6. Galaxies -- 16.7. Clusters and superclusters of galaxies -- 16.8. Intergalactic baryonic matter -- 16.9. Exercises17. The dark sector -- 17.1. Introduction -- 17.2. Dark matter -- 17.3. Gravitational lensing -- 17.4. MACHOs -- 17.5. Cosmic shearing -- 17.6. The bullet cluster -- 17.7. Dark energy -- 17.8. SNe Ia and the distance scale -- 17.9. What is dark energy? -- 17.10. ExercisesAppendix A. The particles and forces -- Appendix B. Variational methods -- Appendix C. The Schwarzschild metric -- Appendix D. Energy flow in gravitational waves -- Appendix E. Radiation from a nearly Newtonian source -- Appendix F. The Friedmann equations -- Appendix G. The virial theorem -- Appendix H. Scale invariance.Einstein's general theory of relativity has transformed how we perceive space-time and its interplay with matter. This second edition presents a modern, compact and digestible account of modern cosmology and general relativity. With updated and expanded chapters, topics covered include equivalence principles, space-time curvature, Einstein's theory, tests of GR, black hole theory, gravitational waves, the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB), the large-scale structure of the Universe, and quantum gravity. Each chapter contains a set of exercises to consolidate the material and other challenges for students. Fully worked solutions are provided, accessible only by instructors. This comprehensive book caters for third and fourth year undergraduates reading for degrees in physics, astrophysics, and related degree programmes, and is useful as a reference for postgraduates.Advanced undergraduate students in physics, astrophysics and space science.Also available in print.Mode of access: World Wide Web.System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader, EPUB reader, or Kindle reader.Ian R. Kenyon was Hon Professor in the School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham. He was a particle physics experimentalist with experience of R+D in optoelectronics for LHC. He was a member of the UA1 collaboration from its inception; was attached at CERN for three years and took part in the design, construction, data-taking and analysis that led to the discovery of the W- and Z-bosons, Beauty mixing and the gluon spin. Previous publications are: 'Elementary Particle Physics' for the then Routledge-Kegan-Paul; 'General Relativity' for OUP; 'The Light Fantastic: A Modern Introduction to Classical and Quantum Optics' for OUP; and 'Quantum 20/20: Fundamentals, Entanglement, Gauge Fields, Condensates and Topology' for OUP in 2020.Title from PDF title page (viewed on September 5, 2023).

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: .,

Collation

1 online resource (various pagings) :illustrations (some color).

Language

English

ISBN/ISSN

9780750337632

Classification

530.1/1

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Edition

Second edition.

Subject(s)

Cosmology.
Cosmology & the universe.
General relativity (Physics)
SCIENCE / Space Science / Cosmology.

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Statement of Responsibility

Ian R. Kenyon.

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